macowanii was collected in December 2012 at the University of Zimbabwe (UZ) grounds, Harare. macowanii in scopolamine-induced amnesiac mice. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the possible memory-enhancing properties of hydroethanolic crude extract of C.
macowanii have been screened for acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity in vitro and the alkaloid 1- O-acetyllycorine was found to be twice as potent as galanthamine.
macowanii has been used to treat backaches, emesis, and venereal disease. macowanii) which is referred to as dururu by Shona or umduze by Ndebele communities. One of the plants that has been investigated by our group is Crinum macowanii ( C. This development has prompted us to investigate the memory-enhancing activity of plant species from this family. Plants of the Amaryllidaceae family have been shown to contain alkaloids with pharmacological activities such as anticholinergic, analgesic, antitumour, and antiviral. Since the allopathic approach to medicine is yet to provide a radical cure for AD, the world is tending to explore the utility of medicinal plants in the treatment of this disorder. Medicinal plants have a long history in the treatment of various illnesses due to their therapeutic value. Taking into account these therapeutic limitations of AD, there is a compelling need to discover and develop new and better drugs for this devastating disorder.
Two way anova for mice behavior expirement graphpad prism 6 free#
Selective AChEIs, free of dose-limiting side effects, are until now not available. Although effective in providing symptomatic treatment, these drugs are nonselective and thus may lead to an overstimulation of cholinergic systems outside of the brain and cause a variety of cholinergic manifestations. Inhibition of this enzyme prevents the breakdown of ACh that is known to be lacking in the AD brain. This blocks the activity of an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase which normally breaks down acetylcholine (ACh). The most accepted therapeutic approach in AD has been the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). Memory loss is usually the initial symptom of the disease. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the brain characterized by memory loss, behavioural changes, and associative signs and symptoms. AD is the most common type of dementia and is responsible for 50–60% of all cases. Common types of dementia include Alzheimer’s disease (AD), cerebrovascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, and Parkinson’s disease. Introductionĭementia is a general term for the loss of memory and other intellectual abilities serious enough to disrupt daily activities later in life. macowanii may be a useful memory restorative mediator in the treatment of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. The results indicate that the hydroethanolic extract of C. macowanii also showed memory-enhancing activity against scopolamine-induced memory deficits in the long-term memory novel object recognition performance as indicated by a dose-dependent increase in the discrimination index. macowanii 40 mg/kg showed significant activity ( versus negative control), comparable to that of the positive control. macowanii extract reversed the amnesia induced by scopolamine as indicated by a dose-dependent increase in spontaneous alternation performance in the Y-maze task. Donepezil (3 mg/kg p.o.) was used as a positive control agent. macowanii (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg p.o.) was administered in single doses to the mice. Y-maze and novel object recognition apparatus served as the exteroceptive behavioural models, and scopolamine-induced amnesia served as the interoceptive behavioural model. Thirty-six male Balb/c mice weighing around 25–35 g were employed in the present investigation. The present study was undertaken to investigate the in vivo ability of hydroethanolic crude extract of Crinum macowanii to ameliorate memory impairment induced by scopolamine. Crinum macowanii has been found to contain alkaloids that have activity against acetylcholinesterase enzyme in vitro.